Confined space hazards & safety precaution
|| industrial safety||
[we can detail study about hazards of confined space & safety precaution by this helpful post]
Introduction-
Confined space is a enclose area (vessels, tanks, silo, hopper, etc) It
commonly seen in most of industrial site. It is very dangerous for human and there have different
type of hazards available are reason of fatal accidents in industrial work
place. Accidents in confined have
constantly increase year to year, for that we must be need to know about
confined for awareness and apply
proper safety precaution to prevent fatal accidents in industrial work site.
Definition –
In simple
concept confined space means limited area.
It is a enclose area that has
only one/two narrow way for entry and exit, there have uncomfortable
environmental condition to work for human and not design for continuous
occupancy.
Function –
Commonly confined area uses for huge storage, mixing area in industrial
site.
Types of confined space –
Several type of confined are seen around us and these are having different types. Some type of confined area are very hazardous that are may be reason of fatal accident and some type
of are low hazardous that have less possibility of accidents on
site.
Usually confined spaces have 2
types- Permitted
Non - permitted
Permitted -
These types of confined are very hazardous and can be big reason
of fatal accidents during the work, for that required permit for work in side
of confined area . So should be applying proper safety precaution according of
particular confined area to make safe work place.
Example – silo, vessels, tanker, pipeline,
hopper etc.
Non- permitted-
These types of confined are low
hazardous and less chances for accident for that not to need issue the permit
for the work with it.
It have low hazardous but not
hazard free so should be apply suitable safety precaution during the work.
Example – equipment closets,
narrow space of under house, ventilated tunnel, machinery cabin etc.
Hazards of
confined space-
Improper job safety analyses(JSA)-
Before the hazardous work JSA is necessary,
but improper JSA is about confined area work that are reason life risk of
workers during the work.
Hazardous material -
Hazardous materials (such
as acid, hydrocarbon, toxic and combustible gases flammable liquids etc) are
storage in vessel / tanker in industrial site for production. During the work
in confined area (vessels) hazardous material are highly dangerous for the
worker that can reason of fatal accidents on site.
Connecting valve -
several confined are connected with
different types of (corrosive, toxic, flammable material containing) pipelines through
the connecting valve. During the work in side confined these types of open
connecting valve are highly dangerous for the workers, because by any chance corrosive,
flammable material enter through the valve that are reason of fatal accident in
side of confined.
Moving equipment -
Some type of
confined contain moving mechanical equipment for the particular purpose.
during the work the moving part can be reason of harm, because by any chance
movable part has start moving during the work in side so it reason fatal accidents on site.
Bad ventilation-
Confined is a enclose
area and that have one or two narrow way for that there have improper
ventilating condition normally. During the work in side worker face uncomfortable
condition like suffocation swatting due to deficiency of fresh air bad impact
to works health.
Oxygen deficiency –
Improper
ventilation is common hazard of every confined space for that it contain low level of O2 (bellow – 19%), deficiency of breathing air that create
life risk situation for the workers in side.
Bad illumination -
Confined is enclose area and only have
1 or 2 narrow way for that light cannot be reach in side. By this reason create
visibility problem that make hazardous situation.
Absence of attainder -
During the work in confined area a
responsible person must be need for observation to work situation, otherwise
create any type of emergency situation in side by chance can’t be provide help to
workers due to absence of attainder.
Improper testing-
Confined area have different types of hazards. Improper gas testing is very hazardous because
without testing / improper testing we can’t know about atmospheric condition (O2
level, presence of flammable gases, corrosive materials etc) in side of
confined that very hazardous and can be reason of fatal accidents during
the work.
Improper emergency planning -
Confined area contain different types of hazardous.
Improper emergency planning create dangerous situation because it cannot handle
properly any emergency condition during work in side of confined .
Personal protective equipment (PPE) -
Without appropriate PPE according of confined work enter to the inside is hazardous,
it can be reason of life risk to worker during work.
Electricity -
mostly of confined area connect with electricity for particular work purpose. Electrical
connection with confined area during the work in side is create very hazardous
situation, because it can be influence any electrical equipment( moving parts)
that can be reason of fatal accidents.
Electrical tools -
During the
work electrical tools use in side of confined area for job purpose which can
be reason of accidents (shock, injuries, electrical fire etc). Example –
cutting machine, grinding machines etc.
Hot work –
Hot work (welding, gas
cutting, etc) in the confined area during the work create very hazardous situation
because any type of combustible substance leakage in side by chance or presence
of flammable substance that are reason of explosion.
Height risk-
Commonly industrial confined area has huge size that is reason of height hazards. During the work at height
in confined area create hazardous situation about fall from height and may be
occur accidents with workers.
Compress gas cylinders –
During
the work compress cylinder keep in side that create dangerous situation because
compress gas cylinder can be explosive due to hot atmosphere in side of
confined .
Untrained workers –
Untrained
workers / inexperience and careless worker are also reason accidents.
Safety
precaution of confined space-
Work permit –
work permit is necessary for
before start any type of hazardous work because the work permit is a document
that makes the work safe in side of confined .
Job safety analyses (JSA) -
Before start work in confined area should be JSA by expert person to identify all hidden hazards and take
appropriate precaution timely for maintain safe working environment during the
work in confined.
Remove hazardous materials -
Before enter any confined area ( vessel, tanker etc) of hazardous
material(corrosive , toxic gas , combustible gases and liquid etc)for
work, first chick it carefully and properly remove all hazardous material to
safe the work.
Disconnect all inlet valve -
If the confined contain with hazardous
material containing pipeline through inlet valve , son isolate / fully
disconnect from confined before the work inside.
Moving parts -
If the confined area contain any type
of mechanical moving parts (fan), so fully disconnect from power before enter
for work inside.
Well ventilation -
Normally confined is
enclose area for that arranged adequate ventilation provide from outside
through artificially. Use for it exhaust fan, blower etc to maintain safe work
place.
Breathing air (O2) -
Deficiency
of breathing air is common hazards in confined. Before entry first chick O2
level of confined area by gas meter.
Maintain safe o2 level (19.5% - 23.5%) inside of confine to make safe
work place.
Use artificial respiration system
for breathing support – Self contain breathing apparatus (SCBA) breathing
apparatus (B A SET) and external breathing air support through o2 pipe line.
Time to time tack the o2 level of inside during the work.
Adequate illumination –
During
the work in side of confined sufficient light is very necessary for good
visibility to avoid demonic inside.24 volt lamp only use in confined
for avoid electrical shock during the work.
Skillful attainder -
A skilled attainder must
be stay during the work and observe whole situation inside of confined, because
the attainder can call for immediate help during any emergency condition
inside.
Proper testing -
Before enter in side of confined proper testing is necessary for safety purpose. Test for
corrosive agents, acid, toxic gases, combustible liquid and gases, o2 level etc
and observe atmospheric condition in side of confined for make safe work place.
Time to time test gases level during the work is necessary.
Emergency planning –
Before starting
work in side of confined set up the
emergency planning according of particular confined area work is necessary , that
deeply help to handle properly any type of emergency during the work.
Expert fire team stand by with
fire fighting system (extinguisher, fire tender etc).
Medical team stand by with
medical system in ambulance.
Expert rescue team stand by
rescue system.
Personal protective equipment(PPE)-
Before entry in inside should be wear PPE according of particular
confined area. PPE can protected workers from injury during the work.
Example- safety shoe, gloves,
helmet, goggles, ear protector, SCBA, B A SET, harness, fall protection etc.
Electrical isolation -
Before
entry in side of the confined area electrical isolation is very necessary for make
safe work place.
Follow logout and tag out process
to make sure electrical isolation to avoid the electrical accident inside.
Power tools-
If power tools are
use for job purpose inside of confined, so must be apply proper power tools
safety measure (fire & electrical safety) to avoid accidents in work place.
Example- grinder, cutting machine,
drill machine welding machine etc
Hot work safety –
Hot work in side of confined is not safe, if required hot work in side, so first check
presence of combustible material and eliminate the fire hazard then be permitted
for hot work.
Apply proper fire protection
measure for the hot work in side. do not keep welding machine in side of confined
Example- welding machined, gas cutting
etc.
Compress gas cylinder-
Do not
keep compress gas cylinder inside of confined area to avoid the explosion
hazards. example - LPG , O2 , etc.
Height safety-
Work at height in side of confined very hazardous. Should be apply height safety measure to avoid fall
from height.
Trained worker-
Confined space is
very hazardous area so tainted / experience worker should be selected for this
job.
conclusion - After reading this post we can gain more helpful information about confined space and its hazards & safety precautions. so it very helpful for my safety friends. please comment and follow my site
THANK YOU MY SAFETY FRIENDS
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